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Item Thematic Links Between the Historical and Prophetic Sections of Daniel(1989) Stefanović, ZdravkoItem For the Asian First and Then for the Westerner(1990) Stefanović, ZdravkoItem Daniel: A Book of Significant Reversals(1992) Stefanović, ZdravkoItem “Go at Once!”: Thematic Reversals in the Book of Esther(1994) Stefanović, ZdravkoItem The Great Reversal: Thematic Links between Genesis 2 and 3(1994) Stefanović, ZdravkoItem “One Greater than the Temple”: The Sermon on the Mount in the Early Palestinian Liturgical Setting(1995) Stefanović, ZdravkoItem Spectrophotometric Determination of Bromate Ions Using Phenothiazines(1995) Farrell, E. SebastianA highly sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of bromate ion is described. The method is based on the reduction of aqueous bromate ion by a phenothiazine in acidic conditions to produce a colored species. The method is suitable for bromate ion determination in the 1–700 μg/l range. For the most sensitive reagent, trifluoperazine, the limit of detection and limit of quantitation were calculated to be 0.67 and 2.25 μg/l, respectively.Item Design and Evaluation of a New Thermospray Liquid/Liquid Extractor for the Extraction of Semivolatile and Nonvolatile Organic Compounds from Water(1996) Farrell, E. SebastianThe recovery of several semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) using a new thermospray liquid/liquid extractor (TSLLE) was investigated. The base system includes a 300 mL multiport extraction vessel, jacketed in a 500 mL cooling flask, a dual-stage condenser for progressive cooling, several thermospray probes, and solvent/sample delivery systems. Aqueous mixtures of SVOCs were used to evaluate the TSLLE. For most compounds, recovery values of 80−100% were obtained during a single cycle in <1 h. The design, evaluation, and extraction capability of the TSLLE are discussed.Item Behavior of Model Ionic Compounds under Thermospray Liquid/Liquid Extraction Conditions(1997) Farrell, E. SebastianOur previously reported procedure for the extraction of semivolatile and nonvolatile organic compounds from aqueous samples by thermospray liquid/liquid extraction was extended to the extraction of charged organic compounds from water. By thermally disrupting or extricating the solvation shell of hydrated ions, the thermospray process facilitates the extraction of these analytes from the aqueous matrix. The effects of probe temperature, probe flow rate, and sample pH on the extraction efficiency of model compounds such as phenylalanine, benzoate ion, p-toluenesulfonate ion, and naphthalenetrisulfonic acid trisodium salt were investigated. Under optimized conditions, the percent recoveries for these compounds were 95, 97, 91, and 13%, respectively.Item The Decalogue as Essential Torah in Second Temple Judaism(1998) Burton, Keith AugustusItem Like Father, Like Son. Belshazzar's Relationship to King Nebuchadnezzar(1998) Stefanović, ZdravkoItem The Millennium: Transition to the Final Aeon(2000) Burton, Keith AugustusItem Improving the Recovery of Ionic Solutes from Aqueous Media by Modified Thermospray Liquid-Liquid Extraction Conditions(2000) Farrell, E. SebastianOur previously reported procedure for the extraction of charged compounds from aqueous samples by thermospray liquid−liquid extraction (TSLLE) was essentially a one-step extraction involving large sample volumes. In this report, recirculative extraction, analysis of small sample volumes, the halide ion effect, and the effect of solvency or solvent modification on the extraction efficiency of benzoic acid (BA) by TSLLE were investigated. Compared to the one-step procedure that resulted in an extraction efficiency of only 28% for BA in n-hexane, recirculative TSLLE resulted in a BA recovery of 65% after five extraction cycles. When applied to sample volumes of 5−10 mL, TSLLE extracted BA with a precision of 2.8−6.1%. NaF, NaCl, and NaBr were also used to enhance analyte recovery. NaF gave the best recovery, 104%, for BA relative to the 88% obtained by batch processing. Some improvements in the extraction efficiency was observed when solvent modifiers such as methanol, ethanol, and 2-propanol were used.Item Multi-Scale Breeding Bird and Land-cover Associations(Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science, 2001) Butler, J. RussellThe association patterns between breeding bird diversity and amount of different land cover types at five spatial scales were analyzed. Breeding bird surveys were conducted at 2,021 randomly selected roadside locations in a 500,000 ha area of north-central Tennessee. The land cover of the area was classified from satellite imagery. Both bird and land cover data were separated into relevant groups: birds into migration guilds, and land cover into natural and artificial types. The study area was subdivided into geographic blocks ranging from 36 to 62,000 ha. Study-area richness-distribution maps for each migration guild were created. The multiscale association patterns between bird species richness and proportion of land cover types were statistically analyzed using canonical and bivariate procedures. Residents displayed relatively even distributions. However, Neotropical migrant species displayed a large distribution gap in the southeast corner of the study area. Furthermore, residents did not display land cover associations, but Neotropical and short-distance migrants were significantly correlated with amount of land cover type over the breadth of the study scales. These findings suggest that migrants may be more sensitive to habitat changes than resident bird species. In addition, the multiscale results indicate the contextual and interrelated characteristics of the small- and large-scale patterns and processes. This suggests that local as well as regional scale areas need to be assessed in order to more effectively design management and conservation strategies.Item 1 Corinthians 11 and 14: How Does a Woman Prophesy and Keep Silence at the Same Time?(2002) Burton, Keith AugustusItem The Use of the Aramaic Word bar ("Son") as a Noun of Relation in the Book of Daniel(2003) Stefanović, ZdravkoItem The Spatial Impact of an Urban Area on Breeding Birds(Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science, 2003) Butler, J. RussellUrbanization alters the landscape profoundly affecting plant and animal distributions and abundances. Urbanized areas negatively affect bird communities by favoring resident generalist or invasive species, in turn, reducing diversity and promoting local extinction. Even though urbanization affects biodiversity in many systems, the spatial extent to which a metropolitan area impacts biodiversity is not well characterized. The goal of the present study was to elucidate the areal extent to which an urban/suburban landscape affects avian diversity. I conducted a breeding-bird distribution study containing over 2,000 roadside survey locations in a 500,000 ha study area in north-central Tennessee, that contained areas of natural and urban (mainly the city of Nashville) land cover. Breeding bird species were divided into three guilds: those that breed and winter in the same area—residents; those that breed and winter in different but relatively close areas—short-distance migrants; and those that breed in North America and winter in Central and South America—Neotropical migrants. These data were spatially analyzed through spatial interpolation surface models: Kriging and linear surface models. Neotropical migrant richness exhibited stronger negative associations with urban land cover than either residents or short-distance migrants. The surface model for urban land cover formed urban density zones. Neotropical migrant total richness spatial patterns significantly corresponded to the urban spatial patterns. Neotropical migrant breeding bird richness was significantly less over a 150,000 ha area of urban/suburban-developed landscape, or an area 50 times larger than Nashville's downtown district. Assessment of the overall metropolitan spatial effect to diversity will provide a benchmark for areal urban/suburban impacts that can assist conservation and management strategies directed towards controlling environmental impacts of urban sprawl.Item The Faith Factor: New Testament Cosmology in Its Historical Context(2004) Burton, Keith AugustusItem Dietary Supplementation of Endoxylanases and Phospholipase for Turkeys Fed Wheat-based Rations(2004) Santos, Anael A. JrThe adverse effects of non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) on turkeys fed wheat-based diets may be alleviated by dietary supplementation of endoxylanase (to reduce the adverse effects of digesta viscosity) or phospholipase (to improve the digestibility of fat). BUTA toms were fed wheat-based diets containing one of 5 enzyme treatments: unsupplemented control, Natugrain Blend® (> 5,500 EXU/kg diet; NB), Lyxasan®-50 (> 2,250 EXU/kg diet; LX50), Lyxasan®-100 (> 5,500 EXU/kg diet; LX100), and Phospholipase (> 500 PLU/kg diet; PL) (BASF, Germany). Each treatment group was assigned to 8 pens containing 12 birds to evaluate growth performance (1-128 d), and 2 pens of 12 birds (excluding LX50) for the apparent metabolizable energy N-corrected (AMEn) and ileum viscosity determination (56-128 d). All enzyme treatments improved growth performance. In comparison to the control, dietary enzyme increased (P < 0.05) BW and decreased 1-128 d feed/gain (2.45 vs 2.37, P < 0.005). PL was most effective in reducing feed/gain during the starting phase and LX100 during the finishing phase, while NB had intermediate benefits throughout the experiment. PL increased AMEn from 9 to 12 wk, while NB and LX-100 resulted in the highest AMEn during the later finishing period. Viscosity was significantly higher for PL than the other treatments (13.5 vs 7.07 cP, P < 0.001). Growth performance and energy utilization of turkeys fed wheat-based diets can be significantly enhanced by phospholipase supplementation of starter feeds and endoxylanase supplementation of growing and finishing feeds. However, enzyme blends may provide a positive response regardless of turkey age.Item Dietary Pentosanase Supplementation of Diets Containing Different Qualities of Wheat on Growth Performance and Metabolizable Energy of Turkey Poults(2004) Santos, Anael A. JrWheat varies in apparent metabolizable energy N-corrected (AMEn) due to the presence of non-starch polysaccharides (NSP), which can be improved by dietary enzyme supplementation. Poults from 0-17 d-age were fed diets containing various wheat sources (WS) with or without Natugrain Blend® (NB) (BASF, Germany). Five replicate cages of 10 poults were assigned to each eight-soybean-meal/wheat treatment diets and a control soybean-meal/corn diet. The treatments were a factorial arrangement of 4 WS (A, B, C, D) and 2 enzyme levels (0 and 200 mg NB/kg). The WS differed by the degree of frost damage during seed development. Regardless of the source of wheat, NB increased 17 d BW (351 vs 381 g, P < 0.001), decreased 1-17 d FCR (1.55 vs 1.49, P < 0.05), increased AMEn (2,204 vs 2,455 kcal/kg, P < 0.001), and increased apparent nitrogen retention (ANR) (35.0 vs 41.4 %, P < 0.05). No effects of WS were seen on growth performance, but WS A and B had higher (P < 0.05) AMEn than sources C and D (2,396 and 2,460 vs 2,246 and 2,216 kcal/kg, respectively). Gut viscosity was higher (P < 0.05) in poults fed wheat-based diets than the control diet. Enzyme supplementation to the wheat-based diets decreased viscosity (5.57 vs 3.98 cP, P < 0.05) to a level similar to the corn-based control diet, and it resulted in equivalent growth performance. Viscosities were negatively correlated with AMEn. The results demonstrated a positive effect of enzyme supplementation on nutrient utilization and performance of turkeys.
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